12-2-2005
Julia Constancia Burgos García
Julia de Burgos
(1914 - 1953)
POEMAS:
Poet's Choice
By Edward Hirsch
Sunday, September 26, 2004; Page BW12
Río Grande de Loíza! . . . Great river. Great flood of tears.
The greatest of all our island's tears
save those greater that come from the eyes
of my soul for my enslaved people.
Julia de Burgos, from "Río Grande de Loíza"
Julia de Burgos (1914-1953) is for me the bedrock of Puerto Rican poetry. For the past few years, I've been living with and marveling at the work in Song of the Simple Truth, an excellent bilingual edition of her complete poems (Obra poética completa) compiled and translated by Jack Agüeros and published by Curbstone Press (1996).
I am eager to recommend the highly lyrical, turbulent, commemorative, socially conscious poems of this key Spanish-language poet who published only two books in her lifetime, an heir to Walt Whitman, Pablo Neruda (she knew his Twenty Love Poems by heart) and Alfonsina Storni, who, she said, had the "tragic sense of life." She was a proto-feminist ("the desire to follow men warped in me"), a Puerto Rican independentista and a devoted internationalist. She was painfully well-acquainted with poverty and deeply interested in social and political problems. She also insisted on thinking for herself.
"The madness of my soul/ cannot repose," she declared in the poem "My Soul": "it lives . . . / in the silence/ of the free thinker, who lives alone. . . ."
La locura de mi alma
De Burgos's most well-known poem, "Río Grande de Loíza," links her childhood river ("My wellspring, my river/ since the maternal petal lifted me to the world") to the sources of her art ("and my childhood was all a poem in the river,/ and a river in the poem of my first dreams") and the grief of her native island. One of my favorite poems of hers, "To Julia de Burgos," splits herself off into the intimate who writes and the social person who bears her name. It is reminiscent of Borges's marvelous prose piece "Borges and I." De Burgos's strategy of attack is to divide herself in two: "You are like your world, selfish," she declares, "not me/ who gambles everything betting on what I am." She shows how one part of herself can be claimed by the world, but the other truer part can be entirely free ("You are the cold doll of social lies,/ and me, the virile starburst of the human truth"). Her poetry comes from this inner spirit -- "I belong to nobody."
The spirit of freedom and independence flashes through de Burgos's work. She was destined to build something that cannot be ruined, something of her own that lasts.
Seawall
I'm going to make a seawall with my small happiness. . . I don't want the sea to know that pains go through my breast. I don't want the sea to touch the shore of my earth . . . I have run out of dreams, crazy from shadows in the sand. I don't want the sea to look at blue mourning in my path . . . (My eyelids were auroras when the storm crossed!) I don't want the sea to cry a new rainstorm at my door . . . All the eyes of the wind already cry me as dead. I'm going to make a seawall with my small happiness, light happiness of knowing myself, mind the hand that closes. I don't want the sea to arrive at the thirst of my poem, blind in the middle of light, broken in the middle of an absence.
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(All quotations are from Julia de Burgos, "Song of the Simple Truth: The Complete Poems," compiled and translated by Jack Agüeros. Curbstone Press. Translation copyright © 1996 by Jack Agüeros.)
IVETTE LÓPEZ, Júlia de Burgos o el silencio del poema sin palabras
RÍO GRANDE DE LOÍZA
¡Río Grande de
Loíza!... Alárgate en mi espíritu
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Rio Grande de Loiza
Rio Grande de Loiza!... Elongate yourself in my spirit and let my soul lose itself in your rivulets, finding the fountain that robbed you as a child and in a crazed impulse returned you to the path.
Coil yourself upon my lips and let me drink you, to feel you mine for a brief moment, to hide you from the world and hide you in yourself, to hear astonished voices in the mouth of the wind.
Dismount for a moment from the loin of the earth, and search for the intimate secret in my desires; confuse yourself in the flight of my bird fantasy, and leave a rose of water in my dreams.
Rio Grande de Loiza!... My wellspring, my river since the maternal petal lifted me to the world; my pale desires came down in you from the craggy hills to find new furrows; and my childhood was all a poem in the river, and a river in the poem of my first dreams.
Adolescence arrived. Life surprised me pinned to the widest part of your eternal voyage; and I was yours a thousand times, and in a beautiful romance you awoke my soul and kissed my body.
Were did you take the waters that bathed my body in a sun blossom recently opened?
Who knows on what remote Mediterranean shore some faun shall be possessing me!
Who knows in what rainfall of what far land I shall be spilling to open new furrows; or perhaps, tired of biting hearts I shall be freezing in icicles!
Rio Grande de Loiza!... Blue. Brown. Red. Blue mirror, fallen piece of blue sky; naked white flesh that turns black each time the night enters your bed; red stripe of blood, when the rain falls in torrents and the hills vomit their mud.
Man river, but man with the purity of river, because you give your blue soul when you give your blue kiss.
Most sovereign river mine. Man river. The only man who has kissed my soul upon kissing my body.
Rio Grande de Loiza!... Great river. Great flood of tears. The greatest of all our island’s tears save those greater that come from the eyes of my soul for my enslaved people.
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Canción de la verdad sencilla
No es él el
que me lleva… |
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Ya
las gentes murmuran que yo soy tu enemiga |
To Julia de Burgos
Already the people murmur that I am your enema because they say that in verse I give the world your me.
They lie, Julia de Burgos. They lie, Julia de Burgos. Who rises in my verses is not my voice. It is my voice because you are the dressing and the essence is me; and the most profound abyss is spread between us.
You are the cold doll of social lies, and me, the virile starburst of the human truth.
You, honey of courtesan hypocrisies; not me; in all my poems I undress my heart.
You are like your world, selfish; not me who gambles everything betting on what I am.
You are only the ponderous lady very lady; not me; I am life, strength, woman.
You belong to your husband, your master; not me; I belong to nobody, or all, because to all, to all I give myself in my clean feeling and in my thought.
You curl your hair and paint yourself; not me; the wind curls my hair, the sun paints me.
You are a housewife, resigned, submissive, tied to the prejudices of men; not me; unbridled, I am a runaway Rocinante snorting horizons of God’s justice.
You in yourself have no say; everyone governs you; your husband, your parents, your family, the priest, the dressmaker, the theatre, the dance hall, the auto, the fine furnishings, the feast, champagne, heaven and hell, and the social, “what will they say”. Not in me, in me only my heart governs, only my thought; who governs in me is me. You, flower of aristocracy; and me, flower of the people. You in you have everything and you owe it to everyone, while me, my nothing I owe to nobody.
You nailed to the static ancestral dividend, and me, a one in the numerical social divider, we are the duel to death who fatally approaches.
When the multitude run rioting leaving behind ashes of burned injustices, and with the torch of the seven virtues, the multitudes run after the seven sins, against you and against everything unjust and inhuman, I will be in their midst with the torch in my hand.
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Ay ay ay de la grifa negra
Ay ay ay,
que soy grifa y pura negra;
Negra de
intacto tinte, lloro y río
Dícenme
que mi abuelo fue el esclavo
Ay ay ay,
los pecados del rey blanco
Ay ay ay,
que mi negra raza huye
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Ay, Ay, Ay de la Grifa
Negra
Ay, ay,
ay, that am kinky-haired and pure black Black of
pure tint, I cry and laugh They tell
me that my grandfather was the slave Ay, ay, ay
wash the sins of the white King Ay, ay, ay
my black race flees |
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The Teacher Glaisma Pérez-Silva reads the English version of this poem, here. |
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La carrera del mar sobre
mi puerta
hasta el naufragio
su voz
propia, |
The sea and you
The
stroke of the sea upon my door
All
the color of awakened aurora
If I
just had a ship of seagulls,
That
one in the other might find
May
there be a duel of music in the air
All
the color of awakened aurora
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---Se recogió la
vida para verme pasar. * * *
---Ha sonado un reloj la hora escogida de todos.
que los conduce por varias direcciones estáticas. |
INTIMATE
Life straightened up to watch me pass. I began getting lost atom by atom of my flesh and slipping little by little to the soul.
Pilgrim in myself, I walked a long instant. I lingered on the route of that errant path that opened in my interior and I arrived at myself, intimate.
With myself on horseback I galloped through the shadow of time and became a landscape far from my vision.
I knew myself as a message far from the world. I felt myself a life inverted from the surface of colors and forms, and saw myself a light scaring man’s shadow emptied on the earth.
* * * * A clock has sounded the hour chosen by all. The hour? Any. All in one. The surroundings reconquer color and form. Men move unaware to grab the minute hand that points them in several static directions.
Always the same flesh silently tightening on the familiar. I seek myself. I am still in the landscape far from my vision. I go on being a message from the world.
The form that recedes and that was mine an instant has left me intimate. And I see myself a light scaring man’s shadow -----------------------------------emptied on the earth.
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---Yo quise ser
como los hombres quisieron que yo fuese:
---Yo quiese ser como los hombres quisieron que yo fuese:
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I Was My Own Route
I wanted to be like men wanted me to be: an attempt at life; a game of hide and seek with my being. But I was made of nows, and my feet level on the promissory earth would not accept walking backwards and went forward, forward, mocking the ashes to reach the kiss of new paths.
At each advancing step on my route forward my back was ripped by the desperate flapping wings of the old guard.
But the branch was unpinned forever, and at each new whiplash my look separated more and more and more from the distant familiar horizons; and my face took the expansion that came from within, the defined expression that hinted at a feeling of intimate liberation; a feeling that surged from the balance between my life and the truth of the kiss of the new paths.
Already my course now set in the present, I felt myself a blossom of all the soils of the earth, of the soils without history, of the soils without a future, of the soil always soil without edges of all the men and all the epochs.
And I was all in me as was life in me .. . .
I wanted to be like men wanted me to be: an attempt at life; a game of hide and seek with my being. But I was made of nows; when the heralds announced me at the regal parade of the old guard, the desire to follow men warped in me, and the homage was left waiting for me. |
Nada turba mi ser, pero
estoy triste. |
Bitter song
Nothing troubles my being, but I am sad.
It
must be the caress of the useless,
To
be and not want to be... that's the motto,
Forgive me, oh love, if I do not name you!
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English translations from Song of the Simple Truth: Obra Poética Completa - The Complete Poems of Julia De Burgos, compiled and translated by Jack Agüeros, Curbstone Press, Willimantic, 1997, ISBN 1-880684-24-1 |